O+5 heating by current-driven ion cyclotron waves in coronal holes

Physics

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7509 Corona, 7511 Coronal Holes, 7513 Coronal Mass Ejections, 7514 Energetic Particles (2114), 7524 Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

A mechanism for the preferential heating of O+5 in the solar coronal holes is proposed. First, electrostatic ion cyclotron instabilities driven by a field aligned current are studied for a multi-ion, magnetized plasma mainly consisting of H, 4He, and electrons. The results show that 4He and H cyclotron waves can be excited at frequency around 2 and 4 times greater than the O+5 cyclotron frequency, respectively. Then, the heating and acceleration of O+5 by the ion cyclotron waves are investigated on the basis of the heating expression derived from the quasi-linear theory (Stix, 1982; Fisk 1978; Kochorov and Kocharov 1984; Zhang 1995). It is shown that the 4He cyclotron waves are very efficient at heating O+5 through the second harmonic resonance. The H cyclotron waves can also significantly heat O+5 through the fourth harmonic resonance. The heating rate evolution profiles demonstrate that the O+5 perpendicular temperature can be anisotropically increased up to 10 to 100 times greater than the proton or the O+5 parallel temperature. The heating of magnesium is also discussed. The existence of the field aligned current in the coronal hole is an assumption. Its mechanism is not provided in this study.

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