Physics
Scientific paper
May 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agusmsa41a..21s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2002, abstract #SA41A-21
Physics
6205 Asteroids And Meteoroids, 6245 Meteors, 2129 Interplanetary Dust, 2423 Ionization Mechanisms
Scientific paper
With an all-sky meteor radar (32.5 MHz) automatic observations of Leonid meteor storms have been made in 1999 and 2000 at Juliusruh, Germany (54.6oN) and in 2001 at Andenes, Norway (69.3oN). In these experiments acquisition parameters of the 5-antenna SKiYMET system were selected to acquire data at the highest possible rate with an optimum time resolution to locate as many meteors as possible as well as to determine the entry velocities of the Leonid meteors. Height-dependent meteor rates and distributions of the meteor entry velocities were analysed in the altitude range 80 to 115 km with a time-resolution of 5 minutes (1999) and 10 minutes (2000 and 2001). During each of the three storm periods, the Leonid activity was most prominent at altitudes above 100 km. The 1999 Leonid storm was characterized by peak rates of about 380 and 1400 meteors/h for meteors above 100 km and integrated over all altitudes, respectively. The weaker Leonid storms in 2000 and 2001 showed peak rates of up to 160 meteors/h above 100 km. Short-time variations in Leonid activity were clearly revealed by our radar observations during each of the three Leonid storms. In 1999 the observations show significant quasi-periodic variations of the meteor rate with temporal separations of individual maxima in the 6- to 9-min range. These were also recorded by 2 clusters of German video cameras in Spain, but not by the large number of visual observers. Similarly, temporary peaks in Leonid activity during the 2000 and 2001 storms show up in our radar observations more pronounced than in the ZHR-curve derived from a multitude of visual observers. Meteor observations by modern mid-sized HF/VHF radars yield high enough meteor rates to allow the characterization of short-time variations of meteor activity independent from weather conditions and time of day.
Singer Wolfgang
von Zahn Ulf
Weiss Jerome
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