Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 1962
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1962jatp...24..681w&link_type=abstract
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 681-684
Physics
Scientific paper
In the temperate zones, it is known that [latin small letter f with hook]0Es and [latin small letter f with hook]bEs are insensitive to gain changes of the ionosonde used to measure them even when [latin small letter f with hook]bEs is much less than [latin small letter f with hook]0Es. Such insensitivity may be accounted for if the sporadic-E layer has a peak electron density which varies rapidly horizontally such that the corresponding critical frequencies within an area of the order of the first Fresnel zone have a normal "Gaussian" distribution with standard deviation [Delta][latin small letter f with hook]. If the mean critical frequency [latin small letter f with hook]M, then [latin small letter f with hook]0Es is a little greater than [latin small letter f with hook]M + 3.1 [Delta][latin small letter f with hook] and [latin small letter f with hook]bEs, a little less than [latin small letter f with hook]M - 1.2 [Delta][latin small letter f with hook]. Thus the blanketing frequency is a better measure of the mean peak electron density in the sporadic-E layer than is the critical frequency.
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