On the net transfer or carbon dioxide from liquid precipitation to the atmosphere

Physics

Scientific paper

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Acid Rain, Aerosols, Atmospheric Chemistry, Calcium Carbonates, Carbon Dioxide, Precipitation (Meteorology), Ammonia, Chemical Reactions, Deserts, Northern Hemisphere, Sulfates

Scientific paper

Most of the water-soluble carbonate and nonmarine calcium (Ca-asterisk) in background aerosol in the Northern Hemisphere could originate as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) of arid soil origin. This is most relevant to the tropics, and a good portion of the temperature latitude belt. However, at equilibrium pH-values between about 6 and 7, the dissolved carbonate is primarily present as the bicarbonate HCO3(-). Selecting a random set of precipitation samples in the same pH-range, the HCO3(-)/Ca-asterisk stoichiometric ratio values were evaluated for a number of background locations in the Northern Hemisphere. The representative range observed is about 0.04-0.5. Assuming that acid-base neutralization reactions are ubiquitous, the above range of ratio values suggests that aqueous precipitation at the surface - or possibly some raindrops aloft - in background locations affected by arid aerosol could act as a net source of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere, and not vice versa, as has been universally assumed or implied in the past.

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