Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Theory
Scientific paper
2005-08-23
Phys.Rev. C72 (2005) 035801
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Theory
4 pages, 3 figures, Phys Rev C in press
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevC.72.035801
The nuclear pasta -- a novel state of matter having nucleons arranged in a variety of complex shapes -- is expected to be found in the crust of neutron stars and in core-collapse supernovae at subnuclear densities of about $10^{14}$ g/cm$^3$. Due to frustration, a phenomenon that emerges from the competition between short-range nuclear attraction and long-range Coulomb repulsion, the nuclear pasta displays a preponderance of unique low-energy excitations. These excitations could have a strong impact on many transport properties, such as neutrino propagation through stellar environments. The excitation spectrum of the nuclear pasta is computed via a molecular-dynamics simulation involving up to 100,000 nucleons. The dynamic response of the pasta displays a classical plasma oscillation in the 1-2 MeV region. In addition, substantial strength is found at low energies. Yet this low-energy strength is missing from a simple ion model containing a single-representative heavy nucleus. The low-energy strength observed in the dynamic response of the pasta is likely to be a density wave involving the internal degrees of freedom of the clusters.
Berry Donald K.
Horowitz Charles J.
Perez-Garcia Angeles M.
Piekarewicz Jorge
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