Acceleration and heating of space plasmas - Basic concepts

Physics

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Plasma Acceleration, Plasma Heating, Plasma-Particle Interactions, Space Plasmas, Planetary Magnetospheres, Poynting Theorem, Solar Wind

Scientific paper

A tutorial discussion is given of particle acceleration processes in space plasmas, starting from elementary considerations of Poynting's theorem and the relevance of the concept of current circuits in the plasma. These considerations are then applied to a variety of topics in the physics of planetary magnetospheres (principally the earth's), and in the physics of the solar wind interaction with comets. Topics discussed in some detail are: (1) large-scale magnetospheric current systems and their relationship to the overall energy flow between the magnetosphere and the solar wind; (2) acceleration of particles in current sheets and the resulting field and plasma structures downstream from the sites of magnetic reconnection; (3) acceleration of particles during reconnection at the dayside magnetopause and in the geomagnetic tail; and (4) magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, current systems and energy flow, including the energy source for the discrete aurorae.

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