Flare-induced physical processes in the solar atmosphere

Physics

Scientific paper

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Chromosphere, Current Sheets, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Atmosphere, Solar Flares, Solar Wind, Gas Dynamics, Heat Flux, Radiative Heat Transfer, Shock Wave Propagation, Solar Spectra, Ultraviolet Radiation, X Ray Spectra

Scientific paper

The paper investigates the response of the solar atmosphere to accelerated-particle, heat, matter, and radiation fluxes released during flares. Observations of flare phenomena and energetics are reviewed, and current sheets in the solar plasma are examined as the cause and energy source of flares. Stages of current-sheet development are discussed along with energy-release channels, heating of the solar atmosphere by heat fluxes from flares, thermal X and UV radiation, and energetic particles in the atmosphere. The energetic-electron spectrum is analyzed with respect to the choice of a target model, and both the thin- and thick-target models are considered. Chromospheric heating by energetic electrons and protons is examined, gasdynamic phenomena in the atmosphere are described, and shock-wave formation and propagation are studied. Radiative heating of the solar atmosphere is discussed, emphasizing the role of flare X and UV radiation.

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