Origin of Olympus Mons escarpment by erosion of pre-volcano substrate

Details Origin of Olympus Mons escarpment by erosion of pre-volcano substrate Origin of Olympus Mons escarpment by erosion of pre-volcano substrate

Oct 1976

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976natur.263..667h&link_type=abstract

Nature, vol. 263, Oct. 21, 1976, p. 667, 668.

Physics

3

Erosion, Escarpments, Mars Surface, Volcanoes, Basalt, Lava, Planetology, Structural Properties (Geology)

Scientific paper

Evidence is presented to show that the nearly continuous scarp fringing Olympus Mons was caused by preferential erosion of fragmental cratered-terrain material previously adjacent to, and now underlying, the Martian shield volcano. A model is proposed in which initial lavas from the volcano erupted on to the cratered terrain and armored it against later erosion; removal of the cratered-terrain megaregolith in an early erosional event led to undercutting of the lavas and formation of the scarp. The time interval from before the onset of the erosional event to a period more recent than the emplacement of the youngest lavas on the surrounding plain is estimated to have been between 200 million and 2 billion years.

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