Ground-based deep-space LADAR for satellite detection: A parametric study

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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High Power Lasers, Infrared Detectors, Laser Beams, Optical Radar, Optical Tracking, Satellite Tracking, Atmospheric Lasers, Background Radiation, Carbon Dioxide Lasers, Cassegrain Optics, Deep Space, Frequency Modulation, Heterodyning, Infrared Radiation, Pulse Compression, Satellite Configurations, Transmittance

Scientific paper

The minimum performance requirements are determined of a ground based infrared LADAR designed to detect deep space satellites, and a candidate sensor design is presented based on current technology. The research examines LADAR techniques and detection methods to determine the optimum LADAR configuration, and then assesses the effects of atmospheric transmission, background radiance, and turbulence across the infrared region to find the optimum laser wavelengths. Diffraction theory is then used in a parametric analysis of the transmitted laser beam and received signal, using a Cassegrainian telescope design and heterodyne detection. The effects of beam truncation and obscuration, heterodyne misalignment, off-boresight detection, and image-pixel geometry are also included in the analysis. The derived equations are then used to assess the feasibility of several candidate designs under a wide range of detection conditions including daylight operation through cirrus. The results show that successful detection is theoretically possible under most conditions by transmitting a high power frequency modulated pulse train from an isotopic 13CO2 laser radiating at 11.17 micrometers, and utilizing post-detection integration and pulse compression techniques.

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