Space debris characterization using thermal imaging systems

Details Space debris characterization using thermal imaging systems Space debris characterization using thermal imaging systems

Sep 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010amos.confe..40d&link_type=abstract

Proceedings of the Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, held in Wailea, Maui, Hawaii, September

Physics

Optics

Scientific paper

Thermal imaging systems continue to improve and become more broadly available for commercial and scientific applications. In particular, continuing improvements in staring infrared imagers are enabling applications involving sensing of cooler objects such as space debris. This paper uses analytical modeling techniques to consider notional schemes for thermal imaging of space debris given assumed thermal and size properties. The modeling uses sensitivity parameters for cooled infrared sensors along with standard methods for dealing with target signature, range, and background. Two modes of operation are envisioned for these schemes. In one, postulated coldenvironment platforms are used to overcome limitations associated with optical emissions. Such cold-environment sensing allows the use of ground-based medium-aperture optics as a means of gathering signature data on space debris from an earth-fixed perspective. A second mode of operation is also envisioned in which space-based platforms are used allowing more diversity in the sensed objects, illumination conditions, and viewing aspects. Using typical ephemeris and physical data for a class of debris objects, a feasibility analysis was performed to establish the frequency with which debris objects can be viewed. Notional payload configurations consistent with the assumed viewing range limit and debris properties will be described. Finally, the potential benefits of using such a thermal imaging concept for debris characterization will be shown, including the potential to support efforts to predict debris behavior and develop mitigation or avoidance strategies.

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