Imaging of coronal mass ejections by the HELIOS spacecraft

Physics

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Helios Satellites, Interplanetary Medium, Photometers, Satellite-Borne Instruments, Solar Corona, Zodiacal Light, Abundance, Helium, Solar Wind, Stellar Mass Ejection

Scientific paper

An account is given of the use of the zodiacal light photometers on board the Helios spacecraft to form images of coronal mass ejections in the interplanetary medium. Several aspects of these data are unique: they trace coronal mass ejections using Thomson scattering techniques to distances from the sun greater than 0.5 AU; their perspective from the Helios orbits allows information to be gained about the three-dimensional shapes of specific mass ejections viewed both by coronagraphs and Helios; the global view afforded by the spacecraft photometers can image the mass ejection from within and thus relate in situ measurements to the shape of the whole structure. To date, the Helios photometers have been used to study coronagraph-observed mass ejections including those originating at the sun on May 7, May 24, and November 27, 1979 and May 21, June 18, and November 6, 1980. Masses of ejections determined from these data are generally a few times larger than masses determined from Solwind coronagraph images.

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