Physics
Scientific paper
Mar 1989
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1989pepi...53..350c&link_type=abstract
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 53, Issue 3-4, p. 350-359.
Physics
2
Scientific paper
The theory of electromagnetic induction by ocean water currents is reviewed using a modal formulation, with an emphasis on interactions of the induced fields with the conducting Earth and on their association with distinct, dynamically significant parts of the water velocity field. It is shown that the dominant electromagnetic mode at low frequencies (< 1 cycle d-1) is the toroidal magnetic type, in which the electric currents flow in planes containing the vertical. This means that the electrical conductivity structure of the oceanic lithosphere can profoundly influence low-frequency motional electromagnetic fields, and subsequent oceanographic interpretations of them. Such effects are minimized if the upper oceanic lithosphere contains a resistive layer; there is increasing evidence for a low-conductivity zone under the deep ocean basins.
A recent, major experiment to study the low-frequency variability of the ocean using electromagnetic induction principles is described. Denoted by the acronym BEMPEX for Barotropic ElectroMagnetic and Pressure EXperiment, this effort involves 41 seafloor magnetometers, horizontal and vertical electrometers, and pressure recorders covering an area 1100 km east-west by 1000 km north-south in the North Pacific for 11 months. The major oceanographic objectives of BEMPEX are multifold, and include a description of the wind-forced barotropic variability of the deep ocean, studies of the frequency-wavenumber characteristics of certain oscillations of basin-wide scale, and tests of predictions from existing models of wind-forcing.
Chave Alan D.
Filloux Jean H.
Luther Douglas S.
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