Generation of kilometer scale irregularities during the midnight collapse at Arecibo

Physics

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F Region, Incoherent Scatter Radar, Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionospheric Electron Density, Ionospheric Propagation, Kilometric Waves, Magnetohydrodynamic Stability, Midlatitude Atmosphere, Nocturnal Variations, Puerto Rico, Scintillation, Sms 1

Scientific paper

Coordinated observations of the incoherent scatter radar at Arecibo, Puerto Rico, and total electron content/scintillation measurements made by using the 137-MHz transmissions from the geostationary satellite SMS 1 from the nearby station of Ramey are studied to determine the background ionospheric conditions necessary for the generation of kilometer scale irregularities in the midlatitude ionosphere. It is found that the well-known midnight descent or collapse of the F region known to occur in this part of the world is sometimes associated with increases in the bottomside electron content, as well as large scintillation events (about 10 dB). From a measurement of vector ion velocities and electron densities during such events, it is determined that the scintillations occur in a region of eastward and northward electric fields coupled with a northward directed density gradient caused by the northward propagation of the midnight collapse.

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