Physics
Scientific paper
Feb 1964
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1964jatp...26..159t&link_type=abstract
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 159-175
Physics
2
Scientific paper
It is shown that calculations of the refraction suffered by a radio wave passing through a spherically symmetrical ionosphere can be simplified by considering the equivalent flat layer. An effective height for this layer is calculated for parabolic and Chapman layers for a number of different frequencies and angles of incidence. Records of the elevation angle of signals received from an artificial satellite provide the same information as a sweep-frequency virtual height record for signals transmitted vertically through the ionosphere. At large zenith angles, when the ray just penetrates the ionosphere, the measured elevation angles can be used to calculate the scale height of the peak of the ionosphere. At small zenith angles the total electron content of the ionosphere can be determined by a method similar to that used in the analysis of Doppler frequency shift and Faraday fading records. The use of elevation angle measurements has the advantage that fewer assumptions are required in the analysis; the restrictions to line-of-sight propagation with no path splitting are eliminated, while the errors caused by horizontal gradients of ionization are reduced. Elevation angle measurements have the disadvantage, however, that an adequate experimental accuracy is more difficult to obtain.
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