Geomagnetic activity effects on semidiurnal winds in the lower thermosphere

Physics

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Atmospheric Tides, Geomagnetism, Magnetic Disturbances, Thermosphere, Wind Profiles, E Region, F Region, Incoherent Scatter Radar, Kp Index

Scientific paper

Steerable (L band) and fixed (UHF) radars were used in observing the incoherent scatter of E and F region ion drifts between July 1976 and November 1977. The wind measurements typically exhibited strong 12-hour oscillations with the eastward wind component reaching a maximum three hours ahead of the southward wind component. The results are seen as implying that the neutral winds are being dominated by semidiurnal tides. The geomagnetic activity dependence of the semidiurnal winds is arrived at by dividing the observations into quiet and disturbed periods on the basis of the Kp index. The winds during disturbed conditions were found to be significantly altered from the quiet time behavior, with the semidiurnal amplitudes reduced by 20 to 50 percent at the lowest altitudes and the altitude of maximum wind increased to be above 125 km. Under disturbed conditions, a decrease is also seen in the vertical wavelength. It is thought that some of these effects might derive from geomagnetic-activity induced changes in lower thermospheric temperature and density, which alter the dissipation of the upward-propagating tidal component.

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