High altitude large-scale plasma waves in the equatorial electrojet at twilight

Physics

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Scientific paper

Jicamarca radar observations of a new class of large-scale plasma waves in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) are presented and characterized. The study is based on long-term (204 days), single-baseline interferometry observations made in 2003 using a low-power radar mode, also known as JULIA mode, along with a few hours of observations made in an aperture synthesis imaging mode. The large-scale waves are found to occur at high altitudes in the E-region, mainly between 120 and 140km, around twilight (between 18:30 and 20:00 LT), with durations of a few minutes to an hour. In our long-term observations, these large-scale waves occur very often (between 1 and 5 out 10 nights), drift westward (~70), exhibit very narrow spectral widths, and have both positive and negative Doppler shifts. The imaging results show that the large-scale waves occur along tilted bands that sweep westward and downward (~30-60ms-1), with a horizontal separation between bands of about 10-15km. The cause of the waves remains unknown.

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