The Relationship between Polar Cap Index and Solar Wind Parameters, Geomagntic Indices

Details The Relationship between Polar Cap Index and Solar Wind Parameters, Geomagntic Indices The Relationship between Polar Cap Index and Solar Wind Parameters, Geomagntic Indices

Dec 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010agufmsm11a1691g&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010, abstract #SM11A-1691

Physics

[2411] Ionosphere / Electric Fields, [2431] Ionosphere / Ionosphere/Magnetosphere Interactions, [2475] Ionosphere / Polar Cap Ionosphere

Scientific paper

The polar cap (PC) index is widely used in ionospheric physics to study the solar wind-ionosphere coupling, magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling and ionospheric local processes. Here we use 14 extreme cases during which PC exceeded 10 to study the relationship between the PC index and the solar wind parameters, geomagnetic indices. We found that the PC index is best correlated with the Kivelson-Ridley electric field (E_{K-R}). In addition, nightside processes, e.g. substorms, also make significant contribution to the PC index. We choose AL to represent the nightside activity. A linear regression analysis with the PC index as response and E_{K-R}, AL as indicator shows that the dayside contribution outweigh the nightside, but the nightside contribution is comparable with the dayside in magnitude. We also explore the impact of the solar wind dynamic pressure (P_{dyn}) on the PC index and found no evidence of the PC index directly driven by P_{dyn} or P_{dyn} jump. However, a fair correlation is expected between P_{dyn}, due to the common dependence of E_{K-R} and P_{dyn} on the solar wind number density. Finally, we found that the aurora oval may expand extremely poleward to the latitude of the PC index station. During these intervals, AL fails to represent the nightside processes and PC index becomes unusually large.

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