Other
Scientific paper
Sep 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008dps....40.3812g&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #40, #38.12; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 40, p.466
Other
Scientific paper
Tiny organic and carbonaceous particles appear in primitive meteorites, IDPs, and comet dust. Such particles along with ices could have been the primary solid ingredients from which small bodies in the outer protoplanetary nebula accreted. I use a combination of Maxwell-Garnett and Hapke radiative transfer models to simulate the spectral reflectance of various mixtures of ice with sub-micron carbonaceous particles, finding that the addition of colorless ice to the otherwise dark organic material can dramatically increase the redness as well as the reflectance at visual wavelengths. The behavior of these mixtures suggests a resolution to the problem posed by contrasts between the colors and albedos of TNOs, Centaurs, and JFC nuclei. Although these objects are thought to be genetically linked, much redder colors and higher albedos are found among TNOs and Centaurs than among JFC nuclei, culminating in consistently red colors and high albedos among dynamically cold classical belt TNOs. Cold classical TNOs might not be direct progenitors of Centaurs and JFCs, but their surface compositions could offer relatively little-altered samples of the solids accreted in the outermost parts of the protoplanetary disk. The radiative transfer mixing models can produce a variety of albedos and colors, and suggest that sublimation loss of ice as TNOs progress from the far fringes of the Solar System through the giant planet crossing Centaur zone to become JFCs could cause the observed loss of red coloration and declining albedos.
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