Constraints on the Galilean protosatellite disk from Jupiter's obliquity

Details Constraints on the Galilean protosatellite disk from Jupiter's obliquity Constraints on the Galilean protosatellite disk from Jupiter's obliquity

Dec 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003agufm.p51f..06w&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2003, abstract #P51F-06

Physics

5744 Orbital And Rotational Dynamics, 5749 Origin And Evolution, 6218 Jovian Satellites

Scientific paper

The obliquity of Jupiter is only 3 degrees. Although a small obliquity seems consistent with its gas accretion phase, there are processes that could have altered it after its formation. The current spin axis precession period of Jupiter is ˜ 4.5 \langle 105 years due mostly to the solar torque exerted on the Galilean satellites (e.g., Ward 1975; Harris and Ward 1982; Tremaine 1991). However, this would have been up to ˜ O(102) shorter if a minimum mass pre-satellite disk had been present. If this disk were subsequently photoevaporated after the solar nebula itself was dissipated, Jupiter's precession frequency would have drifted through one of the mutual orbital precession frequencies of Jupiter and Saturn, i.e., the so-called ν16 that describes the precession of their orbital nodes with a period of P16 ˜ 5 \langle 104 years. An adiabatic passage could generate an obliquity of 25.6 degrees (e.g., Henrard and Murigande 1987). This could be avoided if passage is fast enough to be non-adiabatic, in which case the final obliquity is rate dependent (i.e., Ward et al. 1976). If α S denotes the spin axis precession parameter, which is a function of the circumplanetary disk and satellite masses in addition to the Jovian oblateness (e.g., Ward 1975), and we define Ω pole \{ Δ S / Δ S and calculate its value to yield an obliquity comparable to Jupiter's current obliquity, we obtain O(105) years. But since the change in α S would be due primarily to dissipation of the protosatellite disk, we conclude that a disk life much longer than this is not consistent with Jupiter's low obliquity spin state. Alternatively, the pre-satellite disk may have been of insufficient mass to cause passage through the Jupiter-Saturn resonance (e.g., Canup & Ward 2002).

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