Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977soph...55..335m&link_type=abstract
Solar Physics, vol. 55, Dec. 1977, p. 335-346.
Physics
21
Atmospheric Models, Magnetic Effects, Photosphere, Pressure Effects, Sunspots, Umbras, Convective Flow, Darkness, Gas Density, Gas Pressure, Limb Darkening, Solar Atmosphere, Solar Magnetic Field
Scientific paper
Sunspot equilibrium is studied using empirically determined sunspot models. An attempt is made to analyze effects of gas pressure and magnetic field, and gas pressure is plotted against height for the photosphere and for a sunspot umbra, assuming a Wilson depression of 500 km. The variation of horizontal pressure difference with height is examined, a steep increase in umbral density with depth is observed, and it is shown that the densities in the umbra and the photosphere are generally different. The difference in gas pressure between the ambient environment and the umbra at the same geometric height is found to differ from the magnetic pressure, and it is suggested that the maximum value of the latter difference ranges from a factor of unity to a factor of 3. It is concluded that the maximum horizontal pressure difference occurs at a height where the densities are equal in two model atmospheres and that this height is relatively close to that where the optical depth in the umbra is unity.
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