Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Jun 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007apj...662..691m&link_type=abstract
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 662, Issue 1, pp. 691-700.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
12
Methods: Statistical, Sun: Activity, Sun: Flares
Scientific paper
The complex and highly varying temporal nature of emission from an X4.8 flare is studied across seven X-ray energy bands. A wavelet transform modulus maxima method is used to obtain the multifractal spectra of the temporal variation of the X-ray emission. As expected from the Neupert effect, the time series of the emission at low energies (3-6, 6-12 keV; thermal) is smooth. The peak Hölder exponent, around 1.2, for this low-energy emission is indicative of a signal with a high degree of memory and suggestive of a smooth chromospheric evaporation process. The more bursty emission at higher energies (100-300, 300-800 keV; nonthermal) is described by a multifractal spectrum that peaks at a smaller Hölder exponent (less than 0.5 for the largest singularities), indicative of a signal with a low degree of memory. This describes an antipersistent walk and indicates an impulsive, incoherent driving source. We suggest that this may arise from bursty reconnection, with each reconnection event producing a different and uncorrelated nonthermal particle source. The existence of a power-law scaling of wavelet coefficients across timescales is in agreement with the creation of a fractal current sheet diffusion region.
Gallagher Peter. T.
Ireland Jack
McAteer James R. T.
Young Callum A.
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