The relation between ionospheric profiles and ELF propagation in the earth-ionosphere transmission line

Physics

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Extremely Low Radio Frequencies, Ionospheric Propagation, Long Wave Radiation, Propagation Modes, Transmission Lines, D Region, E Region, Plane Waves, Polarization (Waves), Radio Echoes, Transmission Efficiency, Waveguides

Scientific paper

ELF-band propagation in the earth-ionosphere transmission line is studied, and a method is derived for ascertaining at what level the ionosphere may be cut off at the bottom and replaced by a discontinuity. The height of ELF reflection as determined by the method is dependent on frequency but not on angle incidence. The rate of attenuation in the earth-ionosphere transmission line caused by energy leakage into the ionosphere above the level of reflection is also analyzed. The mode transmission problem in the earth-ionosphere transmission line involves four crossing plane waves, one pair upgoing and the other pair downgoing.

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