Contrasting the impact of aerosols at northern and southern midlatitudes on heterogeneous ice formation

Details Contrasting the impact of aerosols at northern and southern midlatitudes on heterogeneous ice formation Contrasting the impact of aerosols at northern and southern midlatitudes on heterogeneous ice formation

Sep 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011georl..3817802k&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 38, Issue 17, CiteID L17802

Physics

Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Aerosols And Particles (0345, 4801, 4906), Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Cloud Physics And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Cloud/Radiation Interaction

Scientific paper

Three cloud data sets, each covering four months of observations, were recently recorded with a lidar at Punta Arenas (53°S), Chile, at Stellenbosch (34°S, near Cape Town), South Africa, and aboard the research vessel Polarstern during three north-south cruises. By comparing these observations with an 11-year cloud data set measured with a lidar at Leipzig (51°N), Germany, the occurrence of heterogeneous ice formation (as a function of cloud top temperature) for very different aerosol conditions in the northern and southern hemisphere is investigated. Large differences in the heterogeneous freezing behavior in the mostly layered clouds are found. For example, <20%, 30%-40% and around 70% of the cloud layers with cloud top temperatures from -15°C to -20°C, showed ice formation over Punta Arenas, Stellenbosch, and Leipzig, respectively. The observed strong contrast reflects the differences in the free tropospheric aerosol conditions at northern midlatitudes, that are controlled by anthropogenic pollution, mineral dust, forest fire smoke, terrestrial biological material and high southern midlatitudes with clean marine conditions.

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