Physics
Scientific paper
May 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008agusm.p41a..05b&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2008, abstract #P41A-05
Physics
1028 Composition Of Meteorites (3662, 6240), 3662 Meteorite Mineralogy And Petrology (1028, 6240), 5420 Impact Phenomena, Cratering (6022, 8136), 6040 Origin And Evolution, 6045 Physics And Chemistry Of Materials
Scientific paper
Evidence has been found in Montana for an extra-terrestrial impact event previously documented in the States of AZ, NM, NC, and SC and in Alberta and Manitoba. A mammoth fossil site dated at 11.5 ka (C14) before present (BP) was described in 1969 as the last mammoth occurrence in Montana. The mammoth remains were found in an organic-rich layer--a black mat. The black mat contains abundant charcoal (evidence for forest fire), black carbon glass foam, plant material deposited in a pond, and unrusted iron micro-meteorites. SEM photos of iron micro-meteorites reveal fusion crusts, flow lines, and micro-impact craters--direct evidence for an extra- terrestrial origin. One 140 μm long micro-meteorite is 96 wt.% Fe and 4% Mn. Another is 71% Fe and 29% Ti. Mammoth tusks contain rusty pits, consistent with iron micro-meteorites that were embedded and then rusted out. A sample of carbon glass in the black mat contains 62% C, 22% O, 6% Fe, 4% Ca, 4% Si, and 2% Al. At the Indian Creek Archeological Site near Townsend, MT below the cultural layers and below a 11.2 ka (C14) volcanic ash layer there are individual glass bubbles about 1 mm in diameter with micro-impact craters. The size distribution of these micro-craters resembles the size distribution of lunar craters, but at a vastly different scale. The glass contains 53% C, 33% O, 6% Ca, 4% Si, 2% Al, 1% Mg, and 0.6% K. The carbon glass and micro-meteorites suggest a comet rather a meteorite origin for the extra-terrestrial material.
Baker D. W.
Gibbs K. E.
Miranda P. J.
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