Nonequilibrium two-dimensional radiation transfer in the solar granulation: non-LTE and horizontal effects for neutral iron

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Scientific paper

The multilevel two-dimensional radiation transfer problem for modelled solar granulation was solved with the help of the powerful accelerated Λ-iteration method. We investigated the NLTE and horizontal radiation transfer effects on the level populations and source function for bound-bound transitions of neutral iron in the granular and intergranular regions. The ultraviolet overionization leads to the depletion of neutral iron in hot and cool areas of the photosphere, with the granular areas in the upper photosphere being depleted more than slightly hotter layers of intergranular areas. The horizontal fluctuations in the line source function are greatly filtered by the NLTE and horizontal effects for transitions between the levels with high excitation potentials. The NLTE amplification of the horizontal gradients of upper level populations occurs in nonuniform regions, which may be used for the detection of shock waves in the solar photosphere.

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