Wavefront sensing with laser guide stars on the ELTs

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Adaptive Optics (AO) relies on aWave Front Sensor (WFS) to measure properly the perturbations induced by the turbulence on the wavefront. Yet, source extension may limit its performance. In the case of a Shack-Hartmann (SH) WFS associated to one or more Laser Guide Stars (LGS), this extension becomes all the more problematic as the diameter of the telescope tends to increase. In order to mitigate the effects induced by the spot elongation on the quality of the WFS measurements, various algorithms are used. Most of them are non-linear, and require a reference. The design of the SH WFS itself has an influence on the measurement quality, as it also induces non-linearities. In addition, the time-evolving structure of the LGS, due to the fluctuations of the Sodium layer, has an impact on the measurements as well. Eventually, both influences are coupled in the wavefront sensing process. The present study is aimed at optimizing a whole set of carefully chosen parameters defining the design of a SH WFS, in the particular case of a LGS on an ELT. The relative impact of these parameters are studied first at the subaperture level, and then on the reconstructed wavefront.

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