The Theory of Particle Acceleration at Coronal/Interplanetary Shocks

Physics

Scientific paper

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2114 Energetic Particles, Heliospheric (7514), 2118 Energetic Particles, Solar, 2139 Interplanetary Shocks

Scientific paper

The basic processes controlling the diffusive shock acceleration of particles at coronal/interplanetary shocks are first described: adiabatic deceleration of the particles in the diverging solar wind, magnetic focusing of the particles in the interplanetary magnetic field, wave excitation by the accelerated protons, and particle injection at the shock front. A review of theoretical work on the shock acceleration of solar energetic particles in large gradual events is presented with emphasis on a particular recent calculation [M.A. Lee, EOS Supplement, 82, 20, S334, 2001 (Abstract)]. This calculation is based on the approximation that the particle acceleration timescale is small compared with the evolutionary timescale of the shock. The results of the calculation for the ion omnidirectional distribution functions, the ion anisotropies, and the wave intensity are presented with emphasis on new predictions for the time profiles of the ion intensities and anisotropies at Earth orbit and the ion intensities downstream of the shock. Certain features of the calculation will be discussed in the context of recent observations: the form of the ion cutoff at high energies, ion compositional variations upstream of the shock, and the sensitivity of the ion intensity time profiles to the plasma and shock characteristics near the Sun.

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