Interannual length-of-day variation with relation to the southern oscillation/El Nino

Physics

Scientific paper

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Annual Variations, Atmospheric Circulation, Earth Rotation, El Nino, Long Term Effects, Marine Meteorology, Southern Oscillation, Air Masses, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Southern Hemisphere, Statistical Correlation, Time Series Analysis

Scientific paper

The atmospheric and oceanic mass transport associated with the southern oscillation/El Nino will inevitably induce an interannual variation in the length of day. An empirical correlation study is conducted by comparing the Southern Oscillation Index time series and the interannual length-of-day variation (obtained by removing the long-period and short-period variations from a BIH length-of-day series) for the period 1957-1983. The two series have an encouraging qualitative correlation, in particular with respect to El Nino events; and the linear correlation coefficient is found to be 0.55. It is believed that much, if not most, interannual length-of-day variation is caused by the southern oscillation, and the true correlation is considerably higher than its apparent value considering the fact that the Southern Oscillation Index is merely an indicator derived from two local atmospheric measurements.

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