Solar disturbances and mesospheric odd nitrogen

Physics

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Annual Variations, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mesosphere, Nitrogen Oxides, Particle Precipitation, Polar Regions, Solar Activity Effects, Atmospheric Composition, Chemical Reactions, Energetic Particles, Flux (Rate), Monatomic Gases

Scientific paper

The odd nitrogen (NOx) abundance of the high latitude mesosphere exhibits a large variability in response to energetic particle precipitation. Model calculations for a very large particle event predict increases in the NOx mixing ratio that can exceed a factor of ten over time periods of the order of one week in the summer hemisphere. A more typical sized event can still lead to an enhancement of a factor of three in summer. Relative changes in the winter hemisphere are less dramatic due to a larger ambient NOx mixing ratio predicted here. However, a factor of two increase in NOx is possible during a very large event. Owing to the large variability, it is difficult to define a physically meaningful mean state profile in the high latitude mesosphere. Rather, the NOx abundance likely displays an erratic behavior which is correlated with the level of solar activity.

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