Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Theory
Scientific paper
2010-08-19
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.312:012002,2011
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Theory
10 pages, plenary talk at the International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC 2010), Vancouver, Canada, July 4-9, 2010. (versio
Scientific paper
10.1088/1742-6596/312/1/012002
I review recent selected developments in the theory and modeling of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. I explain why relativistic viscous hydrodynamics is now used to model the expansion of the matter formed in these collisions. I give examples of first quantitative predictions, and I discuss remaining open questions associated with the description of the freeze-out process. I argue that while the expansion process is now well understood, our knowledge of initial conditions is still poor. Recent analyses of two-particle correlations have revealed fine structures known as ridge and shoulder, which extend over a long range in rapidity. These correlations are thought to originate from initial state fluctuations, whose modeling is still crude. I discuss triangular flow, a simple mechanism recently put forward, through which fluctuations generate the observed correlation pattern.
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