Trapping of Methanol, Hydrogen Cyanide, and n-Hexane in Water Ice, above Its Transformation Temperature to the Crystalline Form

Details Trapping of Methanol, Hydrogen Cyanide, and n-Hexane in Water Ice, above Its Transformation Temperature to the Crystalline Form Trapping of Methanol, Hydrogen Cyanide, and n-Hexane in Water Ice, above Its Transformation Temperature to the Crystalline Form

Apr 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997icar..126..336n&link_type=abstract

Icarus, Volume 126, Issue 2, pp. 336-341.

Physics

25

Scientific paper

HCN and n-C_6H_14 were found experimentally to be trapped in water ice, when codeposited with water vapor on a cold plate, at 140 K and CH_3OH even at 160 K. At these temperatures at least part of the water ice is cystalline. These three gases have relatively high sublimation temperatures, whereas the gases studied earlier, Ar, Kr, Xe, CO, CH_4, and N_2, which have lower sublimination temperatures, are trapped only in amorphous water ice, up to ~100 K. It seems that the major factor determining the efficiency of gas trapping by water ice, during codeposition of a gas-water vapor mixture on a cold plate, is the sublimation temperatures of the gases to be trapped. Those with a high sublimation temperature remain, during codeposition, longer in the pores of the water ice which are open to the surface, until they are covered by additional ice layers. Only methanol seems to form a clathrate hydrate, in agreement with the experimental results of D. Blake et al. (1991), Science 254, 548-551), which points to the importance of the interaction of the gas molecules with the water molecules in the ice. Consequently, comets and icy satellites that were formed in the Jupiter-Saturn region and their subnebulae could trap CH_3OH, HCN, and heavy hydrocarbons, whereas comets and icy satellites that were formed in the Uranus-Neptune region, at the outskirts of the Saturnian subnebulae (Titan), and beyond the planets in the Kuiper belt could trap also gases having lower sublimation temperatures.

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