Physics
Scientific paper
Feb 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983angeo...1...61t&link_type=abstract
Annales Geophysicae (ISSN 0755-0685), vol. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1983, p. 61-73.
Physics
3
Atmospheric Models, D Region, E Region, Ionospheric Ion Density, Middle Atmosphere, Stratosphere, Atmospheric Chemistry, Heavy Ions, Metal Ions, Negative Ions, Photochemical Reactions, Positive Ions
Scientific paper
The middle atmosphere extends from an altitude of 10 km to approximately 120 km. It includes the ionospheric D and E regions, the stratosphere, and the troposphere. At the highest levels, the ion chemistry can be described by a relatively small number of binary processes involving positive ions and either electrons or certain neutral constituents. Below about 80 km, both binary and ternary processes operate, and negative ions become increasingly important until below about 60 km they represent the only negatively-charged species. In the present review, attention is given to the nature of the primary ions produced during the ionization processes and to information on ion composition. Model studies of the composition of the various regions are considered, taking into account metallic ions in the D and E regions, cluster ions in the D region, negative-ion composition of the D region, and the positive-ion and negative-ion composition of the stratosphere.
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