Single-day dayside density enhancements over Europe: A survey of a half-century of ionosonde data

Details Single-day dayside density enhancements over Europe: A survey of a half-century of ionosonde data Single-day dayside density enhancements over Europe: A survey of a half-century of ionosonde data

Dec 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010jgra..11512311d&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 115, Issue A12, CiteID A12311

Physics

Space Physics

3

Ionosphere: Midlatitude Ionosphere, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionosphere: Plasma Temperature And Density

Scientific paper

With the National Geophysical Data Center's Space Physics Interactive Data Resource (SPIDR), we have collected ionosonde data from stations around the world from 1958 to 2006. The database consists of F-layer peak frequency values (foF2) at hourly intervals (when data are available). We limit our study to midlatitude dayside density peak enhancements; we find that when such features appear, they are usually confined in longitude, being not wider than about 60-90 degrees, or 4-6 hours of local time. In this paper, we look only at enhancements over Europe, as data coverage is superior there. We define a “single-day enhancement” and search the European sector of the database for such occurrences, finding 890 events during the 49-year period. The frequency of occurrence of these events is seen to be anticorrelated with the solar activity cycle. There is also a seasonal distribution, with more events during the equinox months and the fewest during winter. We examine the geomagnetic activity levels on the days of the enhancements and find that a majority of the events are associated with small or moderate geomagnetic disturbances. Most of these disturbances are not large enough to be called “storms” in many cases, there is a Dst drop of just 20-40 units or a Kp increase to a level of 3 or 4. These disturbances are not intense enough to cause a storm negative phase, but in many cases they are sufficient to bring about a dayside ionospheric density enhancement of 50% or more.

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