Reflection of VLF radio waves from distant mountain ranges

Details Reflection of VLF radio waves from distant mountain ranges Reflection of VLF radio waves from distant mountain ranges

Apr 1985

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1985jatp...47..353t&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics (ISSN 0021-9169), vol. 47, April 1985, p. 353-362.

Physics

17

Ionospheric Propagation, Mountains, Radio Echoes, Signal Analysis, Very Low Frequencies, Andes Mountains (South America), Asia, Cross Correlation, New Zealand, Propagation Modes, Rocky Mountains (North America), Wave Propagation

Scientific paper

A computer cross-correlation technique is being used to determine the group delays and directions of arrival of man-made subionospheric VLF signals which have reached the receiver by paths other than the direct great circle path. The 200-baud MSK signals transmitted by NWC, NPM, and NLK allow time resolution to at least 5 ms and, with 15 min of integration, the sensitivity can be as low as about 100 nV/m in quiet conditions. Reflections from the Andes, the Rockies, and the mountains of southeast Asia have now been identified at Dunedin, New Zealand. Round-the-world and round-the-world-the-other-way signals have also been observed.

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