Studying Solar Variability by Local-Area Helioseismology

Physics

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7522 Helioseismology, 7524 Magnetic Fields, 7536 Solar Activity Cycle (2162), 7537 Solar And Stellar Variability, 7544 Stellar Interiors And Dynamo Theory

Scientific paper

Local-area helioseismology provides diagnostics of 3D structures and flows in the solar interior. It substantially extends diagnostic capabilities of the `global' helioseismology which is based on normal mode frequencies and can recover only 2D azimuthally averaged structures and flows. Generally, very long time series of observations of solar oscillations are required to probe the deep interior. Recently developed approaches to the local-area helioseismology (time-distance helioseismology, acoustic imaging, holography, ring-diagram analysis) study evolution of particular regions on the Sun by tracking them with solar rotation. These methods use relatively short time series but so far have been limited to inferences in shallow subsurface layers of the Sun. Studying the deeper layers requires substantially longer time series, and represents a significant challenge for these techniques. I will discuss the current status and potentials of 3D diagnostics of internal processes inside the Sun, and their significance for understanding solar variability.

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