The Global Magnetic Field of Mars and Implications for Crustal Evolution

Physics

Scientific paper

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1517 Magnetic Anomaly Modeling, 1525 Paleomagnetism Applied To Tectonics (Regional, Global), 5440 Magnetic Fields And Magnetism, 5455 Origin And Evolution

Scientific paper

The Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, in nearly circular polar orbit with mean altitude of 400 km, obtained globally-distributed vector magnetic field measurements above the surface of Mars. Observations from March, 1999 through August, 2000 have been compiled to produce the first nearly complete global magnetic field maps of Mars. Mars crustal magnetization appears dichotomized, with intense magnetization mainly confined to the most ancient, heavily cratered martian highlands. Most of the relatively young northern lowlands and regions surrounding the large southern impact basins of Helles and Argyre evidence no magnetization. Several magnetic features with circular geometry suggest an impact and/or intrusive origin. The global distribution and morphology of sources is consistent with the activity of a reversing dynamo early in Mars evolution. The direction of magnetization of sources in the Mars crust cannot be inferred without additional information (e.g., source location, distribution, uniformity of magnetization) that may be forthcoming in special cases. The magnetic mineralogy responsible for the intense crustal magnetization could be either SD magnetite or MD hematite but SD magnetite is our best bet.

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