Mass eruption rates and magma temperatures for ionian volcanoes as determined from Galileo NIMS data

Details Mass eruption rates and magma temperatures for ionian volcanoes as determined from Galileo NIMS data Mass eruption rates and magma temperatures for ionian volcanoes as determined from Galileo NIMS data

May 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agusm...p22b05d&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2001, abstract #P22B-05

Physics

5464 Remote Sensing, 6207 Comparative Planetology, 6218 Jovian Satellites, 8450 Planetary Volcanism (5480)

Scientific paper

Eruption volumetric flux (E) is one of the most important eruption parameters, as it determines style of eruption and the corresponding evolution of the thermal signature of the emplaced lavas, which can be detected remotely. It is possible to estimate E from the total thermal output from a volcano [1,2]. For a number of ionian volcanoes, the thermal emission has been determined from Galileo-NIMS data using two-temperature and multiple-temperature fits, allowing calculation of minimum values of E for both basaltic and ultramafic compositions. Volumetric eruption rates range from 6 to 11 m3 s-1 at Arinna Fluctus to 54 to 106 m3 s-1 at Amirani/Maui. These rates are greater than those found on Earth at volcanoes exhibiting similar styles of eruption. This follows a general trend where ionian eruptions exhibit similar mass and thermal fluxes per unit area to their terrestrial counterparts, but are on a much larger scale [3,4]. The mass eruption rates derived from the NIMS G1INNSPEC01 (June 1996) data are orders of magnitude less than E rates derived for Pillianian eruptions [4] and 'outburst' eruptions and may represent the normal Io background level of volcanic activity [5]. Two-temperature fits also yield a minimum temperature of the erupting lava. "Hot" component temperatures in this analysis range from 974 K at Tupan to as high as 1479 K at Prometheus, indicative of widespread silicate (basaltic) volcanism. From consideration of lava flow areal coverage rates (determined from both NIMS and SSI data) and volume eruption rates, the flow thickness at a number of volcanoes is found to be of the order of 1 m. This work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory-California Institute of Technology under contract to NASA, with the support of a NASA JSDAP grant. [1] Pieri and Baloga, 1986, J. Volc. Therm. Res., 30, 29-45. [2] Harris et al. 1998, Bull. Volc., 60, 52-71. [3] Keszthelyi et al. 2001, LPSC32 abstract 1523. [4] Davies et al. JGR, in press. [5] Davies et al., 2000, Icarus, 48, 211-225.

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