Relations between the Birkeland currents, the auroral electrojet indices and high latitude Joule heating

Physics

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Atmospheric Heating, Auroral Electrojets, Birkeland Currents, Ionospheric Currents, Kp Index, Polar Regions, Resistance Heating, Atmospheric Heat Budget, Current Density, Field Aligned Currents, Ionospheric Conductivity, Magnetic Disturbances, Ohmic Dissipation, Polar Caps, Thermosphere

Scientific paper

Field-aligned currents were postulated by Birkeland (1908) to explain the magnetic perturbations in the auroral zone. Theoretical models have been developed to examine the effect of these currents on the ionosphere. These models, in general, involve very extensive computer programs, and it is difficult to see how their very complicated boundary conditions and assumptions affect the relationships between the Birkeland currents and magnetic activity. In the present investigation, a simplified analysis is used to study the average behavior of the large-scale ionospheric current paths and to examine the interrelationships of various parameters. The relationship of the parameters of the current deposition regions to the magnetic indices is investigated along with the polar cap potential. Attention is given to the experimental values of coefficients, and relations between the Birkeland current densities, current intensities, currents, and the AL, AU, AE indices are discussed.

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