Peak flux density spectra of large solar radio bursts and proton emission from flares

Physics

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Radiant Flux Density, Solar Flares, Solar Protons, Solar Radio Bursts, Solar Spectra, Emission Spectra, Microwave Spectra, Particle Acceleration, Spectrum Analysis, Type 2 Bursts

Scientific paper

Castelli et al. (1967) proposed that the 'U-shaped' peak flux density radio spectrum with high flux densities at meter and centimeter wavelengths and a minimum in the decimeter range is the 'preferred spectrum' for major solar proton flares. Evidence was presented indicating that the U-shaped spectrum was a necessary or almost necessary condition for a solar flare to produce a polar cap absorption (PCA) event. The present study is concerned with a classification of the peak flux density spectra of all large radio bursts observed from 1965-1979, taking into account also a comparison of the associations of bursts of different spectral classes with interplanetary proton events and type II/IV bursts. In addition an examination is conducted of the nature of the low-frequency branch of the U-shaped spectrum. A search is performed regarding the necessary conditions in the radio domain for the occurrence of a significant proton event.

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