Long-term variations of zonal mean winds and (1,1) driving in the equatorial lower thermosphere

Physics

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Scientific paper

Observations of equatorial lower thermospheric zonal winds field during 1992-1995 indicate time-mean westward flow between 90 and 105 km, switching to eastward flow above 105 km. The westward wind regime exhibits significant semiannual variations each year, as well as substantial interannual variability. These winds are examined in relation to the vertical structure and temporal variability of the gravest symmetric propagating mode of the diurnal tide, or (1,1). The presence of (1,1) strongly influences HRDI observations of the equatorial lower thermospheric winds that are restricted to daytime hours only. The principles of classical tidal theory are used to determine the vertical convergence of the (1,1) vertical flux of eastward momentum. This quantity is westward at all times in the lower thermosphere, and exhibits substantial variations on semiannual and interannual time scales.

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