Quantum parallelism of the controlled-NOT operation: an experimental criterion for the evaluation of device performance

Physics – Quantum Physics

Scientific paper

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6 pages, no figures, added references and discussion

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.72.022329

It is shown that a quantum controlled-NOT gate simultaneously performs the logical functions of three distinct conditional local operations. Each of these local operations can be verified by measuring a corresponding truth table of four local inputs and four local outputs. The quantum parallelism of the gate can then be observed directly in a set of three simple experimental tests, each of which has a clear intuitive interpretation in terms of classical logical operations. Specifically, quantum parallelism is achieved if the average fidelity of the three classical operations exceeds 2/3. It is thus possible to evaluate the essential quantum parallelism of an experimental controlled-NOT gate by testing only three characteristic classical operations performed by the gate.

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