Electron Heating Process at Quasi-Perpendicular Shocks

Physics

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Scientific paper

One-dimensional full particle simulations are performed in order to investigate a kinetic effect of electrons on the dissipation process at a quasi-p erp endicular shock. It is now considered that the kinetic effects of electrons increase as Alfv´n e Mach number (MA ) increases. That is, there appears a strong interaction between protons and electrons in the higher Mach number case. Here, we have taken a low proton to electron mass ratio as 25 because we can see the interaction even in the lower Mach number case. The results would give some informations about the electron kinetics in collosionless shocks. In the case of MA = 4.4, the upstream electrons are adiabatically heated up from upstream to downstream region. Ions are reflected at the shock surface as reported in hybrid simulation runs. In the case of MA = 7.1, ions are still reflected at the shock surface by the same way as in the low Mach number case. In addition electrons are reflected at the upstream end of the reflected ions. Both reflected electrons and ions are accelerated by the upstream motional electric field, and then convected to the downstream region. The electric field which can reflect the incoming upstream electrons are excited by the modified two-stream instability between the incoming ions and reflected ions. The larger wave amplitude in the higher Mach number case brings the electron reflection.

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