Techniques for evaluating the surface finish of X-ray optics

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Metal Surfaces, Mirrors, Optical Measurement, Surface Finishing, Surface Roughness Effects, X Ray Telescopes, Electron Microscopy, Evaluation, Irregularities, Microstructure, Reflectance, Refractivity, Scatter Propagation, Spaceborne Telescopes, Transmittance, X Ray Scattering

Scientific paper

It is noted that practical single surface X-ray mirrors must be used at grazing incidence, and that the performance of these mirrors is strongly affected by the near angle scattering of X-ray radiation at angles from a few seconds of arc to a degree or so from the specular direction. The present paper argues that both the heights of surface irregularities producing this near angle scatter and their lateral dimensions are of the same order as those which produce scattering at visible wavelengths. Thus it is proposed that techniques for producing and evaluating optically polished surfaces for use in the visible region of the spectrum should be applicable with some conditions on the production and evaluation of surfaces for use in the soft X-ray region. This would allow the extensive technology which has been developed over the years for optical surfaces to be transferred more or less intact to mirrors for the soft X-ray region.

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