Study of Photomultiplier Tubes for the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

Details Study of Photomultiplier Tubes for the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope Study of Photomultiplier Tubes for the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

Jul 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003icrc....3.1533z&link_type=abstract

Proceedings of the 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference. July 31-August 7, 2003. Trukuba, Japan. Under the auspices of the I

Physics

Scientific paper

The ANTARES Collab oration [4] is deploying a high-energy neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean sea. The Cherenkov light emitted by the muon produced in the charged current neutrino interaction will be detected by a matrix of photomultipliers (PMTs), housed in pressure-resistant glass spheres. Since PMTs are a key element of the detector, intensive R&D studies have been carried out on several models. An analysis based on the physical parameters relevant for underwater neutrino experiments like ANTARES provided the criteria for cho osing a large hemispherical PMT. After a pre-selection stage, three models were studied in detail: Hamamatsu R7081-20, Photonis XP1804/D2 and Hamamatsu R8055. This contribution reports on a series of exhaustive tests which were performed at CPPM (Marseilles), DAPNIA (Saclay) and IFIC (Valencia) to measure properties such as gain, transit time spread, effective area, dark noise, peak to valley ratio, afterpulsing and ageing. Moreover, a large sample of the PMT model finally selected (Hamamatsu R7081-20) has been characterized. Some of these photomultipliers have already been installed in the so-called "Sector Line" [5], which will soon yield the first data.

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