Observational tests for strings and gravitational waves: Pulsar timings and cosmological microwave background radiation

Physics – Nuclear Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We discuss the constraints placed on the stronger sources of the cosmological gravitational wave background detectable by millisecond pulsar timings (in particular PSR 1937 + 21) at frequencies of about 10-7-10-8 Hz and by binary pulsar timings (PSR 1913 + 16) in the frequency range 10-13 Hz < ω < 10-8: upper bounds on the dimentionless gravity wave energy Ωg, on the superconducting and ordinary cosmic string parameter Gμ during tf~10-32s<=t<=1013s and on the anisotropy Δof the CQD transition phase at t ~ 10-6s. We study anisotropies and distortions (ΔT/T) in the cosmological background radiation due to cosmic and superconducting strings:(i) temperature angular anisotropy by loop decay into gravitational waves and (ii) spectral distortions due to electromagnetic energy emission. This allows us to cover a wide range of the frequency spectrum. We confront these predictions with observations in particular with the submillimeter excess recently observed by the Nagoya-Berkeley experiment.

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