Experimental Validation of the Laser Guide Star Concept for Adaptive Optics

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Laser Guide Stars, High Resolution, Adaptive Optics, Wave Fronts, Angular Resolution, Supplying, Turbulence, Simulation, Rayleigh Scattering, Imaging Techniques, Errors, Diffraction, Detection

Scientific paper

In astronomy imaging, high angular resolution diffraction limited, could be achieved thank's to adaptive optics, in spite of turbulence induced perturbations. The efficiency of this technology is subject to the availability of a sufficiently bright object or reference source. A Rayleigh-Mie scattering Laser Guide Star (LGS) experiment called ATLAS (Analyse de la Turbulence par LASer) has been designed by ONERA in order to create an artificial reference source and simultaneously measure it's wavefront with a nearby Natural Star (NS) wavefront. The work presented here supplies the theoretical and experimental elements required by the validation of the laser guide star concept. A strong attention has been given to the error sources, particularly in wavefront sensing, and phenomena which could cause a misunderstanding of the measured data. The first experimental results are presented. They are related to the spatial correlation between a natural star and an artificial star wavefronts as a function of LGS altitude and angular separation between LGS and NS. These results are then discussed with the help of analytical simulation of noise and anisoplanatism effects.

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