Debris about asteroids: Where and how much?

Details Debris about asteroids: Where and how much? Debris about asteroids: Where and how much?

Dec 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992acm..proc..101b&link_type=abstract

In Lunar and Planetary Inst., Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1991 p 101-108 (SEE N93-19113 06-90)

Physics

Aerospace Safety, Asteroids, Circular Orbits, Dynamic Stability, Elliptical Orbits, Flight Hazards, Orbital Mechanics, Space Debris, Spacecraft Trajectories, Trajectory Planning, Binary Data, Mass Ratios, Micrometeoroids

Scientific paper

We summarize several recent findings on the size and shape of the region within which material can stably orbit an asteroid. If the asteroid (with assumed density 2.38 g/cu cm) circles the Sun at 2.55 AU, co-planar prograde material will remain trapped whenever started on unperturbed circular orbits at less than about 220 RA (asteroid radii); co-planar retrograde particles are stable out twice as far. Our 3-D stability surface, which encloses several hundred numerically calculated orbits that start with various inclinations, is shaped like a sphere with its top and bottom sliced off; its dimensions scale like the Hill radius =(mu/3)1/3R, where mu is the asteroid-to-solar mass ratio and R is the asteroid's orbital radius. If the asteroid moves along an elliptical orbit, a fairly reliable indicator of the dimensions of the hazard zone is the size of its Hill sphere at the orbit's pericenter. Grains with radii less than a few mm will be lost through the action of radiation forces which can induce escape or cause collisions with the asteroid on times scales of a few years; interplanetary micrometeoroids produce collisional break-up of these particles in approximately 104 yrs. The effects of Jupiter and of asteroids that pass close to the target asteroid allow particles to diffuse from the system, again shrinking the hazard zone. None of the considered sources-primordial formation, debris spalled off the asteroid during micrometeoroid impact, captured interplanetary particles, feeder satellites, etc., seem capable of densely populating distant orbits from the asteroid. No certain detections of debris clouds or of binary asteroids have been made. Thus, it seems highly unlikely that a spacecraft fly-by targeted at 100 RA from the asteroid over its orbital pole would encounter any material.

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