Evolution of massive stars - Comparison of cluster sequences and models with mass loss

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Star Clusters, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Mass, Stellar Mass Ejection, Binary Stars, Color-Magnitude Diagram, Main Sequence Stars, Stellar Models, Stellar Rotation

Scientific paper

A detailed comparison between theoretical isochrones of models with mass loss and observed sequences of 25 young clusters is undertaken. These clusters have been carefully discussed for reddening, distances, membership, binarity and stellar peculiarities. The number counts are compared with the theoretically expected star numbers in various parts of the isochrones. The effects of differences in mass loss rates and differences in stellar opacities are also considered. Great caution is to be given to the effects of unresolved binaries and of rapidly rotating stars. These comparisons indicate differences which can not be attributed only to mass loss rates. On the basis of various recent models, the authors would rather propose that some extra-mixing, overshooting or turbulent diffusion is at the origin of the observed differences. If one attributes the whole difference to the overshooting process (which is by no means certain), a ratio dover/Hp ≅ 0.3 of the overshooting distance to the pressure scale height at the edge of the classical core could be tentatively estimated on the basis of massive stars in the range of 9 to 15 M_sun;.

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