Meteoritic craters on the Earth's surface

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

A criterion for the separation of impact and explosive meteoritic craters is offerred. It is assumed that impact craters are formed by meteoroids whose maximum deceleration heights are above the Earth's surface. If the maximum deceleration occurs either on the Earth surface or is not reached, the meteoroids form explosive craters. Thus, a minimum explosive crater will be formed by a body whose maximum deceleration is reached on the surface of our planet. Based on the results obtained using the theories of crater formation by K. P. Stanyukovich and E. Opik, minimum sizes of explosive craters are determined. The calculations are done for the cases of collision of stony bodies, stony bodies with iron ones, and stony and iron bodies with clay soil. The ablation factor is the parameter which influences most of all the results obtained. The differences in the results are explaned using the above mentioned theories of crater formation.

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