Spitzer Space Telescope Observations of an Accretion Outburst of a New EXOR

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EXORs, named after the prototype EX Lup, are a very small subclass of classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) which experience rather major optical outbursts. Outbursts of the EXORs result from an enhanced accretion rate from their circumstellar disk, and are intermediate between the long lived and more energetic FU Ori type outbursts (FUORs) and the more modest accretion variability of the CTTSs. The accretional energy liberated results in a brightening of 3--5 magnitudes in the optical alone. Outbursts play a major role in modifying the circumstellar environment, and initiate the formation of winds, jets, and HH objects, and contributes to dispersal of the disk. EXOR and FUOR outbursts frequently occur over disk-accretion lifetimes in YSOs, though rarely observed; we have observing programs to rectify this. The large physical changes in the circumstellar environment during such outbursts likely influence the formation and evolution of giant planets and brown dwarfs. On 9 Feb 2004 a previously unknown EXOR was announced (IAUC 8284). Archival images indicate that this new EXOR (IRAS 05436-0007) had undergone repeated outbursts over the last few decades, and its current outburst has been ongoing for ~3 months. IRAS 05436-0007 differs from most EXORs as it is embedded in a dark cloud (though now visible) and illuminates a (variable) nebula. There are only ~12 previously confirmed members of the EXOR class, and discovery of new events, particularly one that emerges from an embedded state, are very rare. The opportunity exists to obtain crucial observations during the present outburst as the SST visibility window remains open thru 29 March. We have begun intensive ground-based optical and near-IR supporting observations on 10 Feb, and these will continue. These observations will greatly assist in determining the outburst physics, and the response of the disk and circumstellar environment to the infusion of the large amount of energy emitted by the accretion event.

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